Improvement in machine for graduating squares



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. S. BEMENT. 1 MACHINE FUR GRADUATING SQUARES.

No.'104,249. Patented June 14, 1870..

mi "Il 0 V S [FSH Il I HQI 'ms N'onms Param an, PH

mmxmo., msumaow, D. c.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2,

C. S. BBMENT.

MAGHINE PoR GRADUATING SQUARBS.

No.. 104,249. PatentedJune 14, 1870.

dnited gister;

CHARLES S. BEMENT, CF SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

Letters Patent N .104,249, dated J'unc 14, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINE FOR GRADUATING- SQUARE..

i The Schedule referredto in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern;

^ I.'lhe nature pilthis invention consists principally of the*v arrangement of its mechanism, whereby one or more rules, squares, and other like articles, can be held and graduated or marked by each movement, in opposite directions, of the graver, located upon the VVKreciprocating frame of the machine, and with accuracy of scale; the object of which'is to more perfectly and rapidly and cheaply execute the marking or gradi' i nation of squares, rules, 85o.

In the accompanying drawing,- Flgure'l 1s a top o1- plan view.

'Figure 2 is a partial end view. Figure 3' is afeedscrew shaft, having its appendages thereon,by the action of which, the tool-stock upon thereciprocating frame, with its appendages, are reclprocated to and fro to mark the surface of a rule or square, alternately and'successivcly, from one end to the other. 1

y f Figure 4shows the mechanism by which each stroke of the graver-tool is actuated.-

4Figure 5 shows the clamping device 'for holding the rule, square, or otherarticle to be marked, firmly 'na fixed position while themrrrking-is being performd:

`Figure 6 shows a portion ofthe tool-stock, in which the gravertool is held and regulated.

Figures 7, 8, and 9 show a side, edge, and end views of the graver-stock detached iom the reciprocatingframe or sliding head.

c is the frame-work of the machine, made ot' any suit-able materiah as-iron or wood.

b .1s the driving-shaft,one end of which takes its bearing 1n the box c, the body of this shaft being round or square, and is fitted into, and works in the central oritice of the sleeve c in any of the common ways, so that said sleeve shall revolve with the shaft, and traverse alternately back and forth then on. 'lhe ends ot this sleeve take their bearing in the boxes c'- cn of the reciprocating-framed.

r'. lhis fr ame d is fitted firmly and closely, so as to move easily and alternately back and forth upon the means of aclamp-box, g, in which it revolvesfsolas to prevent endwise play otA the feed-screw f. Its action is connected to the under s'ide of the reciprocating frame d by means of adjustable compensating screwnuts, h h. The external shape of these nuts is round. They are fitted closely to the screw, so that if, by wear, the screw works loosely in the nuts, simply -by turning one nut firmly against the other they will act together as-set-nuts, to take up the play. Then the two nuts are iirmly secured or compressed into the /\shape trough or way in the under side of the sliding frame d by means of strap-bolts hl h1.

This screw-shaft is actuated forward and backward, alternately, by right and left-hand pawls and ratchets.

The ratchet-s f2 are secured firmly to the screwshai't, and serve as collars to hold the pandplates in place, while the pawl-plates, with their driving-gears h2 h, are secured upon slecves and are fitted closely andvturn freely upon the screw-shaft f between said ratchet-collars.

71, 7L are toothed racks. One end of eac-h of these racks are tirml y secured together in their relative positions asti-ide of their actuating-gears it 7e? by a 4connecting-plate, hi.

f1 is a spring-pawi, secured to pawl-plate. its outer edge is provided with notches or depressions, into which the end of the spring works to hold the pawl in or out of contact with the notches of` the .ratchet- .wheelsl t is a crank-plate, secured upon the end of the shalt b, and is provided with a connecting-arm, i', the lower end of which is secured by a screw or bolt to the plate h4.

- 'lhus it will be seen that, while the shaft l; has a continuous revolving motion in one direction, the feedscrew shaft f may, through the crank-plate o), connecting-arm ipawls and ratchets f1 f, and rack andpinions 71,271?, be actuated, and move the graver-tool or frame d alternately back and forth upon the bed e, the distance of each alternate movement of the frame d being regulated by the teeth in the ratchet-Wheels fl, and the adjustment of the. connecting-arm t" on the crank-plate t.

7s are graver-stocks, arranged and secured upon eacuside of the reciprocating table d to the sliding-heads k. Those stocks k areprovided with arms, k2, which curve down under the rings lc. These rings proprovidcd witha, cam projection at that point on the face of said rings, so as to act to press donnait-he arm and lift the graver-tool up from the face of the work being marked.

lo" are strap cam arms, which are arranged upon the .eccentric cams k, so that their action upon the arms h* shall move.or actuate said arms alternately back and forth, in opposite directions, so that each graver shall operate at the same' time upon a distinct piece of work. These cams 7c5 and ring k are secured fast upon the sleeve c. One end of the arms lo* is connected to,'and operates, the sliding heads k, and moves -directly under the revolving graduating pattern m1.

are provided with depressions of' These patterns 'ntl variable lengths, according to, or to regulate, the length it is desirable to have the graver cut upon the work to indicate one inch, half inch, one-fourth inch, one-eighth inch,&c., so that, as the graver is moved back and i'orth to cut or mark thc divisions, the length of cut or'mark of the graver will be regulated by the action offthe cam-patterns upon the rear end of the arm m, ,the object ot' which is to cut short or prolong the cutting action of the graver-tool upon the face of' the rnle'or square, 85o.

These graduating patterns m are arranged upon the outer ends of the shaft mi. rlhese two shafts are connected, so as t'o work uniformly together, by means of gears, m".

fm4 is a ratchetwheel, arranged upon the shaft m2, and is actuated by the pawl mi upon the'vibratiug lever me. rlhe lower end of this vibrating lever mf is secured to the lower portion, or bed, of the reciprocating-frame d, aud is actuated forwardby a side cam, mi, and is reacted to its resting-place by a weight or spring. This pawl is secured to the upper end of the lever mi, and works in thc-teeth of the ratchet-wheel on, by means of which the cam-wheels or patterns m1 are changed each revolution of the shaft b, and thus secure the fixed length of the graver mark upon the surface of, or upon which it works, varying according to the measurement required tobe indicated upon a rule or square, as one inch, halt` inch, quarter inch, one-eighth, &c.

a is the upper portion of the jaw or clamp for holding the rule or square-blade. This upper jaw a is fixed in its position on the frame a, directly underneath which are provided two oscillat-innr jaws, fnl. Un-

u b u n derlyiug these jaws is a follower, n?, having bearing points, n, that work in the under edge, and near the' center of the jaws al, and is held in its proper place by a bolt, a, passing through an orifice in the side of said follower, and the whole tightened, or loosened, by the clamp-screw 115;.

lhe graver-stock It is provided with an orifice o1' recess to receive the graver, and a fastening-screw to hold the samein place. It is also provided with an arm, or arms, o, to guide the graver 4upon the suliace of the rule, Ste., being marked, and to regulate the depth of out. Also, with adjusting-screws, y o, by

with an eccentric, o2, by means of which one arm,4 or l pair of arms, may he elevated, while the others are depressed, or both pairs of arms may be depressed at' the same time, for the purpose of more perfectly regulatiug the action of the graver.

Now,- it it will be seen that, by firmly securing a rnle'or square in the jaws, though it (the rule surface) may he somewhat irregular, or out of a truc surface, the jaws will bring and hold the upper-surface straight to the action off-the graver, and b applying the power to the driving-pulleys b, an 4-the pawl depressed into the notches' of the ratchets, the i`ecd-screw shaftwill move the frame l in either direction by simply changing the pawls, throwing one out and the other into connection with the ratchet. When the frame has traversed the length of the bed, every revolution of the shaft Z1 will produce one action of the gravers, and cach revolution of' said shaft will, throughv the side cam mi vibrating lever me, pawl m5, and ratchet wheel mi, cause the pattern-cams )n1/to change in regular succession, in uniformity with the action of the gravel-s, and produce the* desired scale for which the lmachineis set to work.

I believe I have thus show'n the nature, construction, 4and advantage of this invention, so as to enable others skilled in the artto make'aud use the same th ered-om.

-iVhat I lclaim,

Patent, is-

1. The combination of the arms 0, provided with set-screws o, adjusting-cams o?, with the stock 7o for regulating the depth of cut of the graver.

2. The pattern-wheels mi, with the arms for lifting the graver, in .combination ovith thestock k, side cam mi, arms on, pawl m5, Yratchet-wheel m, and gears mi, substantially as and for thqpurpcse set forth.

3. The nuts 71. It, bands h1, and screw-'shaft f for taking up or compensating for loss of motion, substantially as set forth.

4. -The combination ot' the racks h3, pinions 11.25,' pawl and ratchets 7i? f2, uponthe shatisf, with the connecting-arm i and crank-plate '5, substantially as set forth.

and des'irevto secure by Letters 5. .The clamping device -for holdiugthe work, thel fixed jaw n, oscillating jaws n, clamping jaw or follower a, with the screw a, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. l

CHARLES S. BEMEN T. [L1 s] Witnesses:

E. W. Brass, JEREMY W. Bmss.

in combination with the claspi 

